D E P A R T M E N T S:

GUEST EDITORIAL:

Driving the Future of Dental Research

Mark C. Herzberg, Linda G. Griffith, and Matthew J. Doyle
The authors argue for the critical need for a cadre of young people pursuing academic careers in dentistry.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 486-487. [Full Text] [PDF]  

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY & MEDICINE:

Modulation of Dental Inflammation by the Sympathetic Nervous System

S.R. Haug and K.J. Heyeraas
This article presents evidence in support of interactions between the sympathetic nervous system and dental inflammation.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 488-495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Implant Surface Roughness and Bone Healing: a Systematic Review

M.M. Shalabi, A. Gortemaker, M.A. Van’t Hof, J.A. Jansen, and N.H.J. Creugers
The authors present evidence for a positive relationship between bone-to-implant contact and surface roughness.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 496-500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF] Appendix  

DISCOVERY!:

The Oral Microbiology Research of Shigeyuki Hamada in the Pre-genomic Era

Atsuo Amano
The author pays tribute to his mentor, Shigeyuki Hamada.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 501-504. [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

R E S E A R C H  R E P O R T S:

Biological:

Extracellular Phosphate Alters Cementoblast Gene Expression

R.B. Rutherford, B.L. Foster, T. Bammler, R.P. Beyer, S. Sato, and M.J. Somerman
The authors demonstrate the utility of global gene expression profiling to discover and further explore signaling and other pathways likely involved in the regulation of cementogenesis.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 505-509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF] [Appendix]  

Diabetes Enhances Periodontal Bone Loss through Enhanced Resorption and Diminished Bone Formation

R. Liu, H.S. Bal, T. Desta, N. Krothapalli, M. Alyassi, Q. Luan, and D.T. Graves
Diabetes causes a more persistent inflammatory response and greater loss of attachment, and enhances periodontal bone loss through enhanced resorption and decreased osseous repair.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 510-514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Mechanism of Cyclosporine-induced Overgrowth in Gingiva

H.-J. Chae, M.-S. Ha, D.-H. Yun, H.-O. Pae, H.-T. Chung, S.-W. Chae, Y.-K. Jung, and H.-R. Kim
Both p38 MAPK and PI3K are essential for gingival fibroblast proliferation, and TGF-ß₁ and IL-6, with their associated signal transduction, may be novel bona fide molecular targets for the prevention of gingival overgrowth in cyclosporine A-treated patients.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 515-519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF] [Appendix]  

Simvastatin Decreases IL-6 and IL-8 Production in Epithelial Cells

K. Sakoda, M. Yamamoto, Y. Negishi, J.K. Liao, K. Node, and Y. Izumi
The authors provide the first evidence that simvastatin reduces IL-1-induced production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 by human oral epithelial cells.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 520-523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Toll-like Receptors, NOD1, and NOD2 in Oral Epithelial Cells

Y. Sugawara, A. Uehara, Y. Fujimoto, S. Kusumoto, K. Fukase, K. Shibata, S. Sugawara, T. Sasano, and H. Takada
This is the first report on the expression of Toll-like receptors, NOD1, and NOD2 in human oral epithelial cells.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 524-529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Inhibition of Apoptosis in Early Tooth Development Alters Tooth Shape and Size

J.-Y. Kim, Y.-G. Cha, S.-W. Cho, E.-J. Kim, M.-J. Lee, J.-M. Lee, J. Cai, H. Ohshima, and H.-S. Jung
Apoptosis in the enamel knot is necessary for the proper formation of molar teeth, including appropriate shape and size.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 530-535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Bradykinin Mediates Phosphorylation of eNOS in Odontoblasts

Y. Korkmaz, W. Bloch, D. Steinritz, M.A. Baumann, K. Addicks, K. Schneider, and W.H.-M. Raab
Bradykinin has dual effects on the activation of eNOS in odontoblasts.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 536-541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF] [Appendix]  

Clinical:

MSX1 and Orofacial Clefting with and without Tooth Agenesis

A. Modesto, L.M. Moreno, K. Krahn, S. King, and A.C. Lidral
MSX1 regulatory elements may be mutated.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 542-546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF] [Appendix]  

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Implant-retained Mandibular Overdentures

P.F. Allen, J.M. Thomason, N.J.A. Jepson, F. Nohl, D.G. Smith, and J. Ellis
The OHIP change scores were significantly greater for participants receiving implants than for those who refused them.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 547-551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Size and Orientation of Masticatory Muscles in Patients with Mandibular Laterognathism

T.K. Goto, S. Nishida, M. Yahagi, G.E.J. Langenbach, Y. Nakamura, K. Tokumori, S. Sakai, H. Yabuuchi, and K. Yoshiura
Lateral displacement of the mandible can possibly initiate an adaptive process in the entire jaw system, resulting in extensive atrophy of the jaw muscles.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 552-556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

A Two-year Randomized Clinical Trial of Chlorhexidine Varnish on Dental Caries in Chinese Preschool Children

M.Q. Du, B.J. Tai, H. Jiang, E.C.M. Lo, M.W. Fan, and Z. Bian
This is one of the first studies to report on the effectiveness of chlorhexidine varnish in preventing caries in primary teeth in preschool children.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 557-559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biomaterials & Bioengineering:

Harder and Stiffer Bone Osseointegrated to Roughened Titanium

F. Butz, H. Aita, C.J. Wang, and T. Ogawa
This is the first report addressing the intrinsic biomechanical properties of bone associated with titanium implants.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 560-565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

Genes Differentially Expressed in Titanium Implant Healing

T. Ogawa and I. Nishimura
Selected gene transcripts are induced by titanium implants under regulatory control strongly associated with the nature of osseointegration.

J Dent Res 2006 85: 566-570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF] [Appendix]  

Dynamic Compressive Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage

E. Tanaka, E. Yamano, D.A. Dalla-Bona, M. Watanabe, T. Inubushi, M. Shirakura, R. Sano, K. Takahashi, T. van Eijden, and K. Tanne
This is the first study in which the dynamic compressive properties of the condylar cartilage have been examined for a wide frequency range (0.01–10 Hz).

J Dent Res 2006 85: 571-575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [Figures Only] [PDF]  

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